Flying Over Complex Terrain. One of the primary challenges in aerial surveillance algorithms is to map a huge aerial image onto terrain and be able to "fly" over this terrain in real time. The above images of Washington State (note Mount Rainier in the foreground) have a 400,000 x 400,000 image mapped onto the terrain and can be viewed at 96 frames per second on a common laptop, using techniques developed at UC Davis. The image data is too large to fit in memory, and innovative swapping techniques were developed to create this system.